ARCHITECTURE OF THE ELECTRICITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE MICROGRID NETWORK

DOI: 10.31673/2412-4338.2025.048902

Abstract

The paper presents a comprehensive approach to developing an electricity management system architecture for a microgrid network, based on a layered structure and the integration of modern information and intelligent components. The proposed architecture includes three main levels: basic, information, and software. The basic level provides physical interaction with generators, energy storage systems, and electricity consumers, and is also responsible for basic data collection and transmission. The information level organizes structured storage, processing, and systematization of data, provides access to the knowledge base, and allows the integration of heterogeneous information sources. The application level implements functional services for data analysis, decision-making, and optimization of management processes. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of integrating an ontological model as a tool for formalizing knowledge about energy processes, which ensures data standardization, increases their consistency, and simplifies interaction between system components. The implementation of such a model allows for semantic analysis of information, ensures the logical interdependence of Microgrid elements, and supports intelligent decisions in conditions of uncertainty. The paper describes the principles of architectural construction, interaction between levels, and key functional modules, as well as the role of the ontological approach in improving management efficiency. A review of existing control systems has shown that most of them do not provide for the use of an ontological model, which limits the possibilities for standardization and data integration. The proposed architecture eliminates these limitations, creating a basis for automating monitoring processes, optimizing electricity distribution, and improving the reliability of Microgrid operation. The use of a multi-level structure allows a clear definition of the functions of each element, ensuring transparency of processes, and integrating intelligent modules for analyzing and forecasting energy flows. This approach creates the conditions for the further development of intelligent control systems, improving energy efficiency, and reducing electricity losses. The implementation of the proposed architecture in practical systems can contribute to the creation of sustainable, autonomous, and scalable microgrids capable of adapting to changing conditions of energy generation and consumption, as well as ensuring integration with external energy networks and management platforms.

Keywords: Microgrid, architecture, ontological model, level-based approach, decentralized control, energy consumption management system, autonomy.